Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship > Vol 5 > Issue 5

The Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEINDEX)

By Zoltan J. Acs, School of Public Policy, George Mason University, USA, zacs@gmu.edu | László Szerb, Faculty of Business and Economics, University of Pécs, Hungary, szerb@ktk.pte.hu

 
Suggested Citation
Zoltan J. Acs and László Szerb (2009), "The Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEINDEX)", Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship: Vol. 5: No. 5, pp 341-435. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/0300000027

Publication Date: 20 Aug 2009
© 2009 Z. J. Acs and L. Szerb
 
Subjects
Small business and economic growth
 
Keywords
L26O1O3
 

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In this article:
1 Introduction 
2 The Theoretical Setting 
3 The History of Entrepreneurship Index Building 
4 Index Building 
5 The Building of the Sub-indexes 
6 Analysis of the Three Entrepreneurship Sub-indexes 
7 Analysis of the Global Entrepreneurship Index 
8 The Global Entrepreneurship Index Policy Guide 
9 Summary and Conclusion 
Acknowledgments 
A Appendix 
References 

Abstract

This paper constructs a Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEINDEX) that captures the contextual feature of entrepreneurship across countries. We find the relationship between entrepreneurship and economic development to be mildly S-shaped not U-shaped or L-shaped. Our findings suggest moving away from simple measures of entrepreneurship across countries illustrating a U-shaped or L-shaped relationship to more complex measures, which are positively related to economic development. Implications for public policy suggest that institutions need to be strengthened before entrepreneurial resource can be deployed to drive innovation.

DOI:10.1561/0300000027
ISBN: 978-1-60198-246-9
108 pp. $75.00
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ISBN: 978-1-60198-247-6
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Table of contents:
1. Introduction
2. The Theoretical Setting
3. The History of Entrepreneurship Index Building
4. Index Building
5. The Building of the Sub-indexes
6. Analysis of the Three Entrepreneurial Sub-indexes
7. Analysis of the Global Entrepreneurship Index
8. The Global Entrepreneurship Index Policy Guide
9. Summary and Conclusions
Appendices

The Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEINDEX)

Three major international research projects that track data on global institutions in most countries do not track the firm formation process and do not correlate with measures of the firm formation process. For example, the self employment rate published by the OECD correlates negatively with the Global Competitiveness Index, the Index of Economic Freedom and the Ease of Doing Business. What does this negative relationship mean? Does less economic freedom mean more entrepreneurship? What about the difficulty of starting a business? The Global Entrepreneurship Index (GEINDEX) addresses this paradox in the economic development literature. Building on previous measures of entrepreneurship, the authors define the basic requirements for construction of an entrepreneurship index. The index should be sufficiently complex to capture the multidimensional feature of entrepreneurship. There should be indicators referring to quality-related differences. The index should incorporate individual level as well as institutional variables. The Global Entrepreneurship Index contributes to our understanding of economic development by constructing an index (GEINDEX) that examines the essence of the contextual features of entrepreneurship and fills a gap in the measure of development. The authors develop a Global Entrepreneurship Index that offers a measure of the quality and quantity of the business formation process in 65 of the most important countries in the world. The GEINDEX captures the contextual feature of entrepreneurship by focusing on entrepreneurial attitudes, entrepreneurial activity and entrepreneurial aspirations.

 
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