International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics > Vol 11 > Issue 3

Network Representations of Pollution-Generating Technologies

Moriah Bostian, Lewis & Clark College, USA, mbbostian@lclark.edu , Rolf Färe, Oregon State University, USA, rolf.fare@oregonstate.edu , Shawna Grosskopf, Oregon State University, USA, shawna.groskopf@oregonstate.edu , Tommy Lundgren, Centre for Environmental and Resource Economics, Umeå University, Sweden, tommy.lundgren@umu.se
 
Suggested Citation
Moriah Bostian, Rolf Färe, Shawna Grosskopf and Tommy Lundgren (2018), "Network Representations of Pollution-Generating Technologies", International Review of Environmental and Resource Economics: Vol. 11: No. 3, pp 193-231. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/101.00000093

Publication Date: 30 Aug 2018
© 2018 M. Bostian, R. Färe, S. Grosskopf and T. Lundgren
 
Subjects
Environmental Economics
 
Keywords
JEL Codes: Q53C61
Network technologypollution generating technology: distance function
 

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In this article:
1. Background 
2. Notation and Tools 
3. Parameterizing the Distance Functions 
4. Single Production Process Models 
5. Applications of Single Production Process Models 
6. Critiques of the Weakly Disposal Single Production Process Models 
7. Network/Multi-equation Models 
8. Time Substitution 
9. Integrated Models 
References 

Abstract

We update developments on modeling technology including unintended outputs and show how these can, at least to a large extent, be incorporated in a network model framework. Recently there have been efforts to specify more detailed models which include multiple functions to separately capture intended and unintended products. Yet another recent strand of the recent literature has also explicitly tried to include a material balance condition in the model. We see this general evolution as beginning with what might be called a black box technology, with inputs entering the box, and good and bad outputs exiting the box. The more sophisticated models can be thought of as filling in the black box with the more detailed processes involved with production, prevention and abatement, with production accompanied by undesirable byproducts subject to legal regulations and laws of nature. This can be modeled as a network within the black box.

DOI:10.1561/101.00000093