Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis
Foundations and Trends® in
Information Retrieval
Volume 2 Issue 1–2
DOI: 10.1561/1500000011
Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis
Bo Pang
Yahoo! Research, 701 First Avenue, Sunnyvale, CA 94089, USA, bopang@yahoo-inc.com
Lillian Lee
Computer Science Department, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA, llee@cs.cornell.edu
SUGGESTED CITATION:
Bo Pang and Lillian Lee (2008)
"Opinion Mining and Sentiment Analysis",
Foundations and Trends® in Information Retrieval: Vol. 2: No 1–2, pp 1-135.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/1500000011
Abstract
An important part of our information-gathering behavior has always been to find out what other people think. With the growing
availability and popularity of opinion-rich resources such as online review sites and personal blogs, new opportunities and
challenges arise as people now can, and do, actively use information technologies to seek out and understand the opinions
of others. The sudden eruption of activity in the area of opinion mining and sentiment analysis, which deals with the computational
treatment of opinion, sentiment, and subjectivity in text, has thus occurred at least in part as a direct response to the
surge of interest in new systems that deal directly with opinions as a first-class object.
This survey covers techniques and approaches that promise to directly enable opinion-oriented information-seeking systems.
Our focus is on methods that seek to address the new challenges raised by sentiment-aware applications, as compared to those
that are already present in more traditional fact-based analysis. We include material on summarization of evaluative text
and on broader issues regarding privacy, manipulation, and economic impact that the development of opinion-oriented information-access
services gives rise to. To facilitate future work, a discussion of available resources, benchmark datasets, and evaluation
campaigns is also provided.