APSIPA Transactions on Signal and Information Processing > Vol 14 > Issue 1

Nested Frequency Diverse Array for Co-located MIMO Radar using Grid-free DOA and Range Estimation Method

Beizuo Zhu, Kyoto University, Japan, zhu.beizuo.54t@st.kyoto-u.ac.jp , Kazunori Hayashi, Kyoto University, Japan, Hiroki Mori, Toshiba Corporation, Japan
 
Suggested Citation
Beizuo Zhu, Kazunori Hayashi and Hiroki Mori (2025), "Nested Frequency Diverse Array for Co-located MIMO Radar using Grid-free DOA and Range Estimation Method", APSIPA Transactions on Signal and Information Processing: Vol. 14: No. 1, e29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1561/116.20250002

Publication Date: 13 Oct 2025
© 2025 B. Zhu, K. Hayashi and H. Mori
 
Subjects
Sensor and multiple source signal processing,  Signal processing for communications,  Wireless communications
 
Keywords
Frequency diverse arraynested arrayatomic norm minimizationMIMO radar
 

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This is published under the terms of CC BY-NC.

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In this article:
Introduction 
System Model 
Proposed Design of Nested FDA for MIMO Radar 
DOA-range Decoupling for Proposed Nested FDA MIMO Radar 
DOA and Range Estimation Method 
Computational Complexity 
Conclusion 
Appendices 
References 

Abstract

The paper considers the design of frequency diverse array (FDA) for co-located multi-input multi-output (MIMO) radar employing a joint grid-free direction of arrival (DOA) and range estimation method, and proposes a design approach using a nested array as the physical antenna array. Specifically, an inner uniform linear subarray of the nested array is employed for the transmitting array, while the entire nested array serves as the receiving array. Moreover, a grid-free method using atomic norm minimization (ANM) is employed to realize joint DOA and range estimation, making full use of the extended virtual array aperture by the nested array. One of key features of the proposed nested FDA MIMO radar is that it enables fine-tuning of the balance between the DOA and range estimation performance by adjusting the level of the nested array. The numerical results validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach, highlighting the feasibility of controlling the balance between the DOA and range estimation performance by adjusting the level of the nested array. Moreover, the proposed nested FDA MIMO radar outperforms the FDA MIMO radar with a uniform linear array (ULA) in terms of both DOA and range estimation performance for the appropriate choice of the level.

DOI:10.1561/116.20250002