This paper aims to analyze several issues related to the argan grove as a product of human construction and institutional arrangements. Despite its renowned resilience to drought, this ecosystem has experienced a decline due to various anthropogenic factors. Its contribution to ecological balance and biodiversity preservation has been seen to gradually slow down. Faced with the weight of various stakeholders' private interests involved in forest exploitation, informal forest governance institutions have gradually collapsed. At the same time, the existing relatively weak formal institutions have been inadequately effective in replacing the old ones. In addition, they were not renewed to adapt to the new situation of protecting the argan tree ecosystem. An institutional breakdown then occurred, paving the way for new irresponsible behaviors and harmful practices for the forest.